Kritika Handa
Light is emitted when electrical current passes through a semiconductor material, exciting electrons.
Different materials like gallium arsenide emit various colors of light based on their composition.
The interface between P-type and N-type semiconductors creates a region where light is generated.
Electrons recombine with holes in the semiconductor, releasing energy in the form of photons.
LED efficiency is influenced by material quality and design, affecting light output and power consumption.
LEDs are used in displays, lighting, and indicators due to their energy efficiency and long life.