Manisha Das

Uncovering Ancient India's Surgical Instrument Legacy

Sutures

Made from materials such as fibers of Indian hemp, horsehair, leather strips, and cotton.

Specula

Instruments like rectal, nasal, and aural specula were described for examining body cavities.

Sharp Hook (Badisa)

Used for extracting foreign bodies.

Bistoury (Kusapatra)

A small surgical knife used for precise incisions.

Trocar (Vrihimukha)

A pointed instrument used for puncturing.

Bone Saw (Karapatra)

Utilized for cutting through bone.