International Day for Women and Girls in Science: 8 best Indian women scientists of India who made history
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The United Nations General Assembly established the International Day of Women and Girls in Science as an annual commemoration to encourage women's full and equal engagement in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics.
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In India's long history, there have been many outstanding scientists who have made their country extremely proud. Several of them are scientists who have made important contributions to a range of scientific fields.
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Here is a list of some of the greatest Indian women scientists of all time.
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Anandibai Gopalrao Joshi (1865 – 1887) Joshi was the first Indian woman doctor and the first American woman to complete a two-year Western Medicine programme. She gave birth to a baby when she was 14 years old, but he passed away soon after due to a lack of medical facilities. This experience inspired her to pursue a career in medicine.
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Janaki Ammal (1897 – 1984) The prestigious position of director-general of the Botanical Survey of India was later held by Ammal, the first Indian scientist to earn the Padma Shri Award in 1977. Ammal chose to study botany in the 1900s, which was unusual for a female.
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Kamala Sohonie (1912 – 1998) Sohonie became the first Indian woman to earn a PhD in the field of science. She applied for a research fellowship at the IISc but was turned down simply because she was a woman. She was Prof. CV Raman's first female student and the IISc director at the time.
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Asima Chatterjee (1917 – 2006) She is an Indian chemist who has achieved great success in the areas of organic chemistry and phytochemistry (chemicals derived from plants). In 1936, after earning her chemistry degree from the Scottish Church College of the University of Calcutta, she began her research career.
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Rajeshwari Chatterjee (1922 – 2010) Rajeshwari, the first female engineer from the state of Karnataka, was awarded a government grant in 1946 to pursue her studies abroad. She completed her studies at the University of Michigan, where the Department of Electrical Engineering awarded her a master's degree.
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Kalpana Chawla (1962 – 2003) The first astronaut of Indian descent to venture into space is Chawla. As a mission specialist and principal robotic arm operator, she made her first space flight on the Space Shuttle Columbia in 1997. One of the crew members who perished in the Columbia tragedy on February 1, 2003, was Chawla.
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Dr. Indira Hinduja A pioneer of the Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT) procedure, Dr. Indira Hinduja is an Indian gynaecologist, obstetrician, and infertility specialist who delivered India's first GIFT baby on January 4, 1988. Before this, on August 6, 1986, at KEM Hospital, she gave birth to India's first test-tube child.
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Dr. Aditi Pant As a member of the 1983 Indian expedition to research geology and oceanography, Dr. Aditi Pant became the first Indian woman to travel to Antarctica. When Pant was a BSc student at the University of Pune, she came across the book The Open Sea by Alister Hardy and was inspired to pursue oceanography.