Concerns about the Earth’s steadily increasing temperature continue to trouble scientists, as the persistent global temperature rise poses a grave threat to the world. Scientists have now issued a chilling warning, suggesting that the world may cease to experience traditional winter-like weather. In the coming years, weather patterns may resemble places such as Mumbai, where consistent climate conditions persist throughout the year. This means the cold winter months of December and January may become a rarity. The cause for this disconcerting forecast is the Earth’s unceasing temperature rise, a subject of extensive research with startling results.

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According to a study conducted by the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur (IIT-KGP), India’s surface temperature could surge by 1.1 to 5.1 degrees Celsius by the year 2100. This study, titled ‘Surface Temperature Increase over India during 1980-2020 and Future Projections: Causal Relationships Between Drivers and Trends,’ was published in the journal Nature last month. It attributes the temperature increase to high emissions and states that temperatures might reach a staggering 5.1 degrees Celsius, roughly equivalent to the upper estimate of the global average temperature rise.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Responsible for Rising Temperatures

While the actual temperature increase in the Indian region has thus far been lower than the global average, this study aims to underscore the severe implications of rising temperatures. The Earth’s surface temperature has markedly increased since the dawn of industrialization, with greenhouse gas emissions contributing substantially to global warming and climate change. This is expected to continue, with humans and development activities listed as significant factors in driving the temperature increase.

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Collaborating with the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology in Pune, researchers at IIT-KGP analyzed surface temperatures in India over the past four decades, providing meteorological data for their research. Their study made projections for the year 2100 based on this data, taking into account various factors, including greenhouse gas emissions. The research indicates that if emissions continue to increase and reach three times their current levels by 2075, average temperatures may rise by 3.5 to 5.1 degrees Celsius by 2100. Without significant emissions reduction measures, the temperature could potentially surge by 5.1 degrees Celsius, which would have dire consequences for the Earth’s climate.

Four Decades of Temperature Rise in India

The research, conducted over a span of more than two years, outlines that the temperature rise in India over the last 40 years has been evident. During the pre-monsoon season, temperatures have increased by 0.1 to 0.3 degrees Celsius per decade, while during the post-monsoon season, the increase is more pronounced, ranging from 0.2 to 0.4 degrees Celsius per decade. Notably, the study also highlights temperature increases in different parts of India during the months of October, November, and December to February over the past four decades. The western Himalayan region and north-east India experienced significant temperature rises, further accentuating the urgent need to address rising global temperatures and climate change.